Scrub the potatoes under warm running water, leaving the skins on.
Cut small potatoes in half and larger potatoes into quarters.
Place the potatoes in a large stockpot and add enough water to cover them by about 2 inches.
Add the peeled garlic cloves and salt the cooking water.
Bring the water to a boil on heat and then reduce heat.
Once boiling, start checking the potatoes after 15 minutes. If they are not tender, check every 5 minutes until a fork slides easily into them.
Drain the potatoes and garlic in a large colander.
Place the pot back on the stove and add the melted butter, buttermilk, and Parmesan.
Let the potatoes cool just until they are comfortable to handle.
Pull away the skins while the potatoes are still warm. They do not need to be perfectly peeled; the ricer will help catch remaining pieces of skin.
Press the potatoes and cooked garlic through the ricer into the stockpot with the melted butter mixture.
Gently fold everything together until combined and warmed through.
Taste with a clean spoon and add salt and pepper as needed.
Serve immediately, or continue with the holiday finish below.